MacOS 下高效窗口管理 Yabai

本文最后更新于：2024年3月11日 凌晨

如果用过Linux下的i3wm就知道其实窗口管理可以玩的多花，之前我主要是通过Moom + Raycast + Mac自带设置中的焦点快捷键工具来做窗口管理，另外Terminal中的窗口管理主要是通过iTerm2 + tmux + spaceVim来做，Chrome主要通过Vimium插件，但是近段时间尝试习惯Yabai后，发现通过Yabai + skhd + Mac自带调度快捷键 确实还是能再提高一些效率。

前置配置

这里的前置配置我建议直接参考Youtuber Josean的配置:

在键盘设置中，设置调度中心快捷键，下面是我的习惯，大家可以按照自己的习惯，默认是ctrl + [number]:

在系统设置->辅助功能->显示打开 减弱动态效果，这样可以避免切换桌面的动画，这样影响切换效率

在系统设置->桌面与程序坞，划到最后的调度中心，将一些重排等功能关闭:

安装

安装教程参考这个和这个教程就行，当然也可以直接参考官方的。

如果仅仅只是需要用到（窗口转移到另一个拓展屏 以及 鼠标的焦点控制），那么只需要做以下安装即可（除了 Mac 自带的辅助权限（运行的时候会提示），无需其他权限）：

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brew install koekeishiya/formulae/yabai
brew install koekeishiya/formulae/skhd
yabai --start-service
skhd --start-service

如果需要完整的能力，可以参考这篇官方 Wiki Disabling System Integrity Protection 关闭 SIP，然后参照如下流程安装 yabai 与 skhd。

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# 安装yabai
brew install koekeishiya/formulae/yabai
sudo yabai --install-sa

# 启动yabai 这时候需要授权辅助功能
yabai --start-service

# 安装skhd
brew install koekeishiya/formulae/skhd
# 启动skhd 这时候需要授权辅助功能
skhd --start-service

########### 为 yabai 添加 sudo 权限 ###########
sudo yabai --load-sa
sudo visudo -f /private/etc/sudoers.d/yabai

# 然后输入以下内容 其中 <user> 修改为当前 mac 的用户名
# input the line below into the file you are editing.
#  replace <yabai> with the path to the yabai binary (output of: which yabai).
#  replace <user> with your username (output of: whoami).
#  replace <hash> with the sha256 hash of the yabai binary (output of: shasum -a 256 $(which yabai)).
#   this hash must be updated manually after running brew upgrade.
<user> ALL=(root) NOPASSWD: sha256:<hash> <yabai> --load-sa

配置

根据官方Wiki说明，配置可以放在多个地方，并且只要文件在，就会被读取，我比较习惯放在~/.config/yabai/yabairc中，我的配置可以参考:

该配置是以这个配置为底板，然后结合该作者的建议，以及我个人的行为习惯来添加的。

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#!/usr/bin/env bash

set -x

# ====== Variables =============================

declare -A gaps
declare -A color

gaps["top"]="0"
gaps["bottom"]="0"
gaps["left"]="0"
gaps["right"]="0"
gaps["inner"]="2"

color["focused"]="0xff775759"
color["normal"]="0xff555555"
color["preselect"]="0xffd75f5f"

# Uncomment to refresh ubersicht widget on workspace change
# Make sure to replace WIDGET NAME for the name of the ubersicht widget
#ubersicht_spaces_refresh_command="osascript -e 'tell application id \"tracesOf.Uebersicht\" to refresh widget id \"WIDGET NAME\"'"

# ===== Loading Scripting Additions ============

# See: https://github.com/koekeishiya/yabai/wiki/Installing-yabai-(latest-release)#macos-big-sur---automatically-load-scripting-addition-on-startup
sudo yabai --load-sa
yabai -m signal --add event=dock_did_restart action="sudo yabai --load-sa"

# ===== Tiling setting =========================

yabai -m config layout                      bsp

yabai -m config top_padding                 "${gaps["top"]}"
yabai -m config bottom_padding              "${gaps["bottom"]}"
yabai -m config left_padding                "${gaps["left"]}"
yabai -m config right_padding               "${gaps["right"]}"
yabai -m config window_gap                  "${gaps["inner"]}"

yabai -m config mouse_follows_focus         on
yabai -m config focus_follows_mouse         off

yabai -m config window_topmost              off
yabai -m config window_opacity              off
yabai -m config window_opacity_duration     2000.0
yabai -m config window_shadow               float

yabai -m config window_border               on
yabai -m config window_border_width         2
yabai -m config active_window_border_color  "${color["focused"]}"
yabai -m config normal_window_border_color  "${color["normal"]}"
yabai -m config insert_feedback_color       "${color["preselect"]}"

yabai -m config active_window_opacity       1.0
yabai -m config normal_window_opacity       0.90
yabai -m config split_ratio                 0.50

yabai -m config auto_balance                off

yabai -m config mouse_modifier              fn
yabai -m config mouse_action1               move
yabai -m config mouse_action2               resize

yabai -m config window_placement            second_child
yabai -m config external_bar                all:0:0

yabai -m config debug_output                off

# ===== Rules ==================================

yabai -m rule --add label="Finder" app="^访达$" title="(Co(py|nnect)|Move|Info|Pref)" manage=off
yabai -m rule --add label="Safari" app="^Safari$" title="^(General|(Tab|Password|Website|Extension)s|AutoFill|Se(arch|curity)|Privacy|Advance)$" manage=off
yabai -m rule --add label="System Preferences" app="^系统设置$" title=".*" manage=off
yabai -m rule --add label="App Store" app="^App Store$" manage=off
yabai -m rule --add label="Activity Monitor" app="^活动监视器$" manage=off
yabai -m rule --add label="Software Update" title="Software Update" manage=off
yabai -m rule --add label="About This Mac" app="关于本机" title="About This Mac" manage=off
yabai -m rule --add app="^Raycast$" manage=off
yabai -m rule --add app="^微信$" manage=off
yabai -m rule --add app="^Obsidian$" manage=off
yabai -m rule --add app="^QQ音乐$" manage=off
yabai -m rule --add app="^Lark$" manage=off
yabai -m rule --add app="^Airmail$" manage=off
yabai -m rule --add app="^CleanMyMac X$" manage=off
yabai -m rule --add app="^Home Assistant$" manage=off

set +x
printf "yabai: configuration loaded...\\n"

检查配置文件是否被正确读取

我们可以在配置文件中通过echo等指令输出日志，然后通过yabai -m config debug_output on让其打出日志，来调试配置文件，然后通过持续读取日志流来检查配置文件:

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# view the last lines of the error log 
tail -f /tmp/yabai_$USE
# view the last lines of the debug log
tail -f /tmp/yabai_$USER.out.log

重启yabai

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yabai --restart-service

最后，如果是因为第一次使用Yabai，不适应BSP的形式展示窗口，可以尝试修改默认的layout或者是，直接将所有窗口管理默认都设置为非Yabai管理，然后通过需要的时候快捷键切换为管理:

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yabai -m rule --add app="^.*$" manage=off

绑定快捷键执行

前面在安装的时候已经按照官方建议使用skhd来进行快捷键绑定，我的skhd的配置也是以这个为基础，然后结合该作者的建议，以及我个人的行为习惯来添加的。配置文件是放在~/.config/skhd:

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# Navigation
alt - h : yabai -m window --focus west
alt - j : yabai -m window --focus south
alt - k : yabai -m window --focus north
alt - l : yabai -m window --focus east

#change focus between external displays (left and right)
shift + ctrl - h: yabai -m display --focus west
shift + ctrl - j: yabai -m display --focus south
shift + ctrl - k: yabai -m display --focus north
shift + ctrl - l: yabai -m display --focus east

# move window to display left and right
shift + ctrl + alt - j : yabai -m window --display south; yabai -m display --focus south;
shift + ctrl + alt - k : yabai -m window --display north; yabai -m display --focus north;

# Set insertion point for focused container
#shift + ctrl + alt - h : yabai -m window --insert west
#shift + ctrl + alt - j : yabai -m window --insert south
#shift + ctrl + alt - k : yabai -m window --insert north
#shift + ctrl + alt - l : yabai -m window --insert east

# Moving windows
#shift + alt - h : yabai -m window --warp west
#shift + alt - j : yabai -m window --warp south
#shift + alt - k : yabai -m window --warp north
#shift + alt - l : yabai -m window --warp east

# swap windows
shift + alt - j : yabai -m window --swap south
shift + alt - k : yabai -m window --swap north
shift + alt - h : yabai -m window --swap west
shift + alt - l : yabai -m window --swap east
shift + alt - c : yabai -m space --create


# Move focus container to workspace
shift + ctrl - m : yabai -m space --focus last
shift + ctrl - p : yabai -m space --focus prev
shift + ctrl - n : yabai -m space --focus next

shift + alt - m : yabai -m window --space last; yabai -m space --focus last
shift + alt - p : yabai -m window --space prev; yabai -m space --focus prev
shift + alt - n : yabai -m window --space next; yabai -m space --focus next
shift + alt - 1 : yabai -m window --space 1; yabai -m space --focus 1
shift + alt - 2 : yabai -m window --space 2; yabai -m space --focus 2
shift + alt - 3 : yabai -m window --space 3; yabai -m space --focus 3
shift + alt - 4 : yabai -m window --space 4; yabai -m space --focus 4

# Resize windows
ctrl + alt - h : yabai -m window --resize left:-50:0; \
                 yabai -m window --resize right:-50:0
ctrl + alt - j : yabai -m window --resize bottom:0:50; \
                 yabai -m window --resize top:0:50
ctrl + alt - k : yabai -m window --resize top:0:-50; \
                 yabai -m window --resize bottom:0:-50
ctrl + alt - l : yabai -m window --resize right:50:0; \
                 yabai -m window --resize left:50:0

# Equalize size of windows
ctrl + alt - e : yabai -m space --balance

# Enable / Disable gaps in current workspace
ctrl + alt - g : yabai -m space --toggle padding; yabai -m space --toggle gap

# Rotate windows clockwise and anticlockwise
alt - r         : yabai -m space --rotate 270
shift + alt - r : yabai -m space --rotate 90

# Rotate on X and Y Axis
shift + alt - x : yabai -m space --mirror x-axis
shift + alt - y : yabai -m space --mirror y-axis


# Float / Unfloat window
shift + alt - space : \
    yabai -m window --toggle float --grid 1:3:1:1:2:2; \
    yabai -m window --toggle border

# Restart Yabai
#shift + ctrl + alt - r : \
#    /usr/bin/env osascript <<< \
#        "display notification \"Restarting Yabai\" with title \"Yabai\""; \
#    launchctl kickstart -k "gui/${UID}/homebrew.mxcl.yabai"

# Make window native fullscreen
alt - f         : yabai -m window --toggle zoom-fullscreen
#shift + alt - f : yabai -m window --toggle native-fullscreen

## stop/start/restart yabai
ctrl + alt - q : yabai --stop-service
ctrl + alt - s : yabai --start-service
ctrl + alt - r : yabai --restart-service

重启配置:

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skhd --restart-service

升级

升级只需要使用brew升级即可:

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brew update
brew upgrade yabai

不过每次升级之后需要注意（参考该同学的提醒)，由于yabai的执行文件发生了变化，需要重新参考 官网配置一遍sudo权限:

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# create a new file for writing - visudo uses the vim editor by default.
# go read about this if you have no idea what is going on.

sudo visudo -f /private/etc/sudoers.d/yabai

# input the line below into the file you are editing.
#  replace <yabai> with the path to the yabai binary (output of: which yabai).
#  replace <user> with your username (output of: whoami). 
#  replace <hash> with the sha256 hash of the yabai binary (output of: shasum -a 256 $(which yabai)).
#   this hash must be updated manually after running brew upgrade.

<user> ALL=(root) NOPASSWD: sha256:<hash> <yabai> --load-sa

搞定后重启yabai即可:

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yabai --restart-service

其他

我们在用yabai的时候，通常会结合着space来用，当前处于哪个space，可以借助spaceman这个小工具在menu bar上显示：

#yabai #skhd #macos
MacOS 下高效窗口管理 Yabai
https://blog.dreamtobe.cn/macos_yabai/
作者
Jacksgong
发布于
2023年9月17日
更新于
2024年3月11日
许可协议